Curved accretion disks around rotating black holes without reflection symmetry

Rotating black holes without equatorial reflection symmetry can naturally arise in effective low-energy theories of fundamental quantum gravity, particular, when parity-violating interactions are introduced. Adopting a theory-agnostic approach and considering recently proposed Kerr-like hole model, we investigate the structure properties accretion disk around rotating symmetry. In absence symmetry, is general curved surface shape, rather than flat lying on plane. Furthermore, parameter $\epsilon$ that controls asymmetry would shrink size prograde innermost stable circular orbits, enhance efficiency converting rest-mass energy to radiation during accretion. The retrograde orbits stretched but effects substantially suppressed. addition, find spin measurements based gravitational redshift observations disk, assuming Kerr geometry, may overestimate true values if central object actually with conspicuous asymmetry. qualitative results becomes shrunk turn out be generic our model small.